Author Archives: Seth Frantzman

Reporting from Israel, Seth J. Frantzman is an adjunct fellow at FDD and a contributor to FDD’s Long War Journal. He is the senior Middle East correspondent and analyst at The Jerusalem Post, and author of The October 7 War: Israel's Battle for Security in Gaza (2024).

2 Israeli soldiers killed in terrorist attack in Gaza, most serious attack since ceasefire

| October 20, 2025

Two Israeli soldiers were killed and several wounded in a terrorist attack in southern Gaza’s Rafah neighborhood on October 19, according to the Israeli military. In response, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) executed a wave of airstrikes in Gaza. One series of strikes used 120 munitions to target a Hamas tunnel that was several miles long. The IDF also continued demarcating the Yellow Line that now marks the extent of its control in the territory.

Iraqi parliamentary candidate killed in car bombing

| October 16, 2025

Safaa al Mashhadani was reportedly killed in a car bombing on October 15 in Tarmiya, a town north of Baghdad. Mashhadani was a candidate with the Sovereignty (Siyada) Alliance, an important Sunni party running in the country’s November elections. Iraqi media reports indicate the attack has the hallmarks of a targeted assassination, and the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) called for a transparent investigation.

Hamas begins transfer of deceased hostages, Israel threatens to limit aid due to slow pace

| October 15, 2025

Hamas began transferring the bodies of deceased hostages to Israel on October 13. By October 15, it had transferred eight corpses, and Israel had identified seven of them as hostages. Israel said it would not reopen the Rafah crossing to Gaza and would consider limiting aid if all the 28 deceased hostages were not returned in line with a deal agreed to in Egypt on October 8. The IDF warned Gazans not to approach Israeli forces, which continue to control 50 percent of the territory and are deployed in positions dubbed “the Yellow Line.”

Hamas frees 20 hostages in wake of US-backed deal

| October 13, 2025

Hamas freed the last 20 living Israeli hostages on October 13, handing them over to the Red Cross, which transported them to Israeli officials. Hamas is also supposed to hand over the bodies of 28 hostages held since its attack on Israel on October 7, 2023. Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Chief of Staff Eyal Zamir stated that the deal agreed to in Egypt on October 8 constitutes a victory for Israel. The IDF completed a withdrawal from several areas of Gaza as part of the agreement.

Israel, Hamas agree to Gaza deal in Egypt

| October 9, 2025

Israel and Hamas agreed to the first phase of a Gaza peace deal overnight between October 8 and 9. This initial phase is supposed to see the release of 48 Israeli hostages, around 20 of whom are believed to be alive, and a withdrawal by the IDF from some areas of Gaza. Israel’s cabinet convened to vote on the deal on October 9, with hostages set to return by October 14. The agreement followed talks in Egypt mediated by delegations from Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey, with US, Hamas, and Israeli delegations present. The Israeli military in Gaza prepared to redeploy to new lines as talks progress to the next phase.

After sectarian clashes in Aleppo, US, SDF, and Syrian government officials meet in Damascus

| October 7, 2025

Syrian President Ahmed al Sharaa met with US Envoy Tom Barrack and the head of US Central Command, Admiral Brad Cooper, in Damascus on October 7. The meeting came in the wake of clashes between factions backed by the Syrian transitional government and Kurdish fighters in two neighborhoods in Aleppo. The head of the Syrian Democratic Forces, Mazlum Abdi, also met with Syria’s defense minister and agreed to a ceasefire between the SDF and government forces. Barrack, Cooper, and Abdi separately met in eastern Syria on October 6 to discuss integration between Syria’s east and Damascus, plus continued operations against the Islamic State.

Israel sends delegation to Egypt for ceasefire talks

| October 6, 2025

An Israeli delegation traveled to Sharm el Sheikh on October 6 to begin talks aimed at ending the war in Gaza. US President Donald Trump announced on October 3 that Hamas had agreed to the 20-point Gaza peace plan he had announced on September 29. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has said pressure must continue on Hamas to get the group to release the 48 hostages held in Gaza. Hamas has indicated that the talks in Egypt may take several days, and Trump has urged all parties to “move fast” to finalize the deal.

IDF moves to cut off Gaza City from central Gaza

| October 2, 2025

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) extended operations and control in and around Gaza City between September 28 and October 2. Israeli troops moved west along the Netzarim Corridor, cutting off the city from Central Gaza. Israel’s minister of defense said that the IDF is tightening its siege around Gaza City and told remaining residents that it was their “last chance” to move south via IDF checkpoints along the coast. Five rockets were launched at Israel in the evening of October 1.

US, Israel await Hamas answer after peace deal push

| October 1, 2025

US President Donald Trump announced a peace plan for Gaza as he hosted Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at the White House on September 29. During a joint press conference, Trump said that the proposal has the backing of numerous Arab and Muslim countries. Netanyahu accepted the proposal after several last-minute changes, according to reports. It is now up to Hamas to accept or reject the deal. The initiative envisions disarming Hamas and replacing it with a new government that will be backed by a “Board of Peace.”

Syrian integration in focus as Syrian President Sharaa speaks at UN

| September 26, 2025

Syrian transitional President Ahmed al Sharaa spoke at the United Nations General Assembly on September 24, urging support for rebuilding Syria and emphasizing the need for peace and stability in the country. Separately, a spokesperson for the largely Kurdish-run Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES) said there was increasing pressure on Damascus and AANES authorities in eastern Syria to come to an agreement, despite recent clashes.

More than 600,000 Gazans have evacuated Gaza City amid growing IDF offensive

| September 24, 2025

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) estimated on September 23 that around 640,000 people had evacuated Gaza City as Israel’s offensive into the urban area expanded. On September 24, IDF Chief of Staff Eyal Zamir called on residents of Gaza to “rise up and break away from Hamas — it is responsible for your suffering.” An IDF soldier was killed in fighting in northern Gaza on September 23, and another was wounded on September 24. Hamas also targeted Ashdod and southern Israel with two rockets.

Israel expands push into Gaza City center with 3 IDF divisions

| September 18, 2025

Israel expanded operations in Gaza City on September 16, with three Israel Defense Forces (IDF) divisions now operating against Hamas. While visiting Israel on September 15, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said that “the US prefers the war end quickly via a negotiated settlement.” Four Israeli soldiers were killed in southern Gaza, the IDF announced on September 18.

IDF completes preparations for next phase of Gaza City offensive

| September 14, 2025

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) continued operations targeting high-rises in Gaza City during the week of September 7–14, saying Hamas has used these buildings for various terrorist purposes. The IDF has also completed preparations for an expanded ground offensive into Gaza City. An estimated 300,000 people have evacuated Gaza City after the IDF called on civilians to move south. Four soldiers were killed in fighting in northern Gaza.

Princeton researcher Elizabeth Tsurkov freed in Iraq

| September 10, 2025

Princeton researcher Elizabeth Tsurkov, who was kidnapped by Iranian-backed militia Kataib Hezbollah in March 2023 and holds Israeli and Russian citizenship, was freed in Iraq on September 9, according to President Donald Trump. The Iraqi Prime Minister’s Office claimed that security agencies in the country had secured her release, and they would pursue those “involved in this crime and hold them accountable.” A source reported to be from Kataib Hezbollah claimed the group had released her to avoid conflict in Iraq and in light of the US withdrawal from the country.

IDF targets high-rise buildings as Gaza City offensive ramps up

| September 8, 2025

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) struck a high-rise building in Gaza on September 8. It is the fourth hit since September 5, when the IDF began a new campaign of airstrikes against tall buildings in Gaza City. Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz warned that a “hurricane” was coming for Hamas in Gaza as the IDF expands its offensive.

Tensions grow between Damascus and eastern Syria amid continuing efforts to integrate factions

| September 4, 2025

Conflicts between the Syrian transitional government in Damascus and the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) pose challenges for the transitional government as it seeks to integrate factions. Syrian state media claimed on September 2 that the government’s internal security force had intercepted an arms shipment destined for the SDF, plus reported other recent clashes between security forces and the SDF, which the SDF has denied. Despite these tensions, negotiations between authorities in eastern Syria and Damascus continue amid US support.

Israel prepares for wider Gaza City battle with reservist call-up

| September 2, 2025

Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Chief of the General Staff Eyal Zamir spoke to Israeli reservists on September 2, 60,000 of whom have been called up to support the Gaza City offensive. Zamir’s comments come amid reports of tensions between the IDF chief and Israel’s security cabinet. The IDF recovered the bodies of two hostages from Gaza, the Israeli military said on August 31. Humanitarian aid from the UN and international organizations continues to flow into the territory via trucks, and the US-backed GHF distributed 1.5 million meals on September 2.

Israel builds new aid centers in Gaza while troops target Hamas

| August 28, 2025

The Israeli military said on August 28 that it is building two new humanitarian aid sites in Gaza. The US-backed Gaza Humanitarian Foundation said that it has distributed 140 million meals since May 2025. In southern and northern Gaza, Israeli troops carried out raids in Jabaliya and areas of Khan Younis.

IDF conducts inquiry into strikes near Gaza’s Nasser Hospital

| August 27, 2025

Israel’s military vowed to complete an inquiry into strikes near the Nasser Hospital in Gaza that killed a number of people, including civilians, on August 25. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said that the country “deeply regrets the tragic mishap that occurred today at the Nasser Hospital in Gaza.” The IDF published findings of an initial inquiry on August 26 that said troops had targeted a camera being used by terrorists.

US-led raid kills senior Islamic State ‘official’ in Syria

| August 24, 2025

US forces carried out a raid in northern Syria on August 19 that killed “a senior [Islamic State] member and key financier who planned attacks in Syria and Iraq,” CENTCOM stated. It is the latest raid on the Islamic State in Syria since a July 25 operation near Aleppo killed one of the group’s commanders.

Israeli military begins new offensive targeting Gaza City

| August 20, 2025

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) began a new operation to take control of Gaza City on August 19. The operation has been dubbed Gideon’s Chariots II and builds on the achievements of Gideon’s Chariots, launched in May. The IDF now controls approximately 75 percent of Gaza. To take Gaza City, the IDF has called up 60,000 reservists.

IDF clears Beit Hanoun, completes several operations in northern Gaza

| July 31, 2025

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) completed several local operations in northern Gaza aimed at defeating terrorist threats in Shejaiya, Zeitoun, and other areas. The IDF’s 99th and 162nd Divisions operated in Beit Hanoun for three weeks, and the Israeli military estimates it will take another week to completely clear the town of terrorists. The IDF’s 98th Division also completed missions in Shejaiya. The latest operations in northern Gaza ended as humanitarian aid increased to the territory.

Israel enables increased humanitarian aid for Gaza

| July 28, 2025

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) began to facilitate increased humanitarian aid to Gaza on July 26, the IDF said, including completing new air drops of assistance, opening new humanitarian corridors, and pausing fighting in areas of the territory during the day. The policy change came as ceasefire talks broke down in Qatar and international pressure increased on Israel to enable more aid for Gaza.

New head of anti-Islamic State mission in Iraq and Syria takes command

| July 23, 2025

The anti-Islamic State coalition of Combined Joint Task Force-Operation Inherent Resolve received its new commander at a ceremony in Iraq on July 21, 2025. Brigadier General Kevin Lambert took over for Major General Kevin Leahy, who served in the role for a year. Lambert takes over as US allies in Syria may integrate into the new Syrian armed forces, and the US is weighing its next steps in the country.

IDF gears up for expanded operation in Gaza’s Deir al Balah

| July 21, 2025

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) expanded operations into part of the Gaza town of Deir al Balah, according to reports on July 21. In other sectors of the territory, the Israeli military continued to conduct precision strikes and expand areas it controls. The IDF now controls 75 percent of Gaza, according to IDF Chief of Staff Eyal Zamir. An errant Israeli shell struck the Holy Family Catholic Church in Gaza City on July 17.

US, UK condemn drone attacks targeting energy sites in Iraq’s Kurdistan Region

| July 18, 2025

The US and UK Embassies in Baghdad have issued statements regarding recent drone attacks targeting the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. “The United States condemns the recent drone attacks throughout Iraq, including the July 14 and July 15 drone attacks on critical infrastructure at the Khormala and Sarsang oil fields in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region,” the US said on July 15. Drone attacks continued on July 16 and 17. Officials in the autonomous Kurdistan Regional Government have accused Iranian-backed militias within Iraq’s Popular Mobilization Forces of the attacks.

Israel intensifies airstrikes on Syria to deter attacks on Druze

| July 16, 2025

Israel has increased attacks on government sites in Damascus and carried out airstrikes against Syrian forces to deter attacks against the Druze minority in southern Syria. The Israel Defense Forces struck tanks and vehicles on July 14 and 15. On July 16, it expanded the campaign to target an area near the Syrian Presidential Palace and struck a military headquarters in Damascus. Israeli officials have vowed over the last six months to protect the Druze in Syria and keep southern Syria demilitarized.

Kurdish government blames Iranian-backed PMF for drone attacks targeting Iraqi Kurdistan

| July 12, 2025

On July 5, northern Iraq’s autonomous Kurdistan Regional Government blamed the Iraqi federal government’s Iranian-backed Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) for drone attacks impacting Iraqi Kurdistan. An Iraqi official rejected the accusations. Since June 30, there have been numerous drone attacks targeting the autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq. The PMF and Iran have been behind attacks in the area over the past several years, including targeting US forces and Iranian dissident groups.

5 IDF soldiers killed in northern Gaza ambush

| July 9, 2025

Five IDF soldiers were killed and 12 were wounded in an ambush in Gaza on July 7. The soldiers were part of two units operating in Beit Hanoun in northern Gaza, attempting to clear this area near the Israeli border. An IDF spokesperson said that the town is “a fortified target that currently contains dozens more terrorists and numerous underground tunnels that must be dismantled.” The battle took place as Israel and Hamas continue ceasefire talks.